Did India’s Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft really land near the moon’s south pole? Top Chinese scientist claims it didn’t

Ouyang, a member of the Chinese language Academy of Sciences, advised its official Science Occasions newspaper that “the touchdown web site of the Chandrayaan-3 was not on the moon’s south pole, not within the polar area of the moon’s south pole, nor was it ‘close to the Antarctic polar area’”.

The rover landed at a latitude of round 69 levels south. Ouyang advised the information web site it was inside the moon’s southern hemisphere however not within the polar area, which he thought-about to be “between the latitudes of 88.5 and 90 levels”.

The earth’s rotational axis is tilted at round 23.5 levels relative to the solar, so the southern pole is outlined to be between 66.5 and 90 levels south. However Ouyang argued that because the moon’s tilt was just one.5 levels, the polar area was a lot smaller.

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In response to the European House Company, whereas the Chandrayaan-3 touchdown web site was “strictly talking not the south pole”, touchdown within the south pole correct was “extremely tough” resulting from its location on the rim of the Shackleton crater.

In america, Nasa has referred to the “whole” polar area as being from 80 to 90 levels south. Beneath that definition, the Chandrayaan-3 landed outdoors the polar area however at a better latitude than has been achieved by earlier moon missions.

Nasa chief Invoice Nelson posted a message on X, previously often known as Twitter, congratulating the Indian House Analysis Organisation on their profitable “lunar south pole touchdown” on August 23.

Richard de Grijs, a professor at Macquarie College’s College of Mathematical and Bodily Sciences in Sydney, additionally mentioned the Indian mission had landed in an space thought-about to be past the lunar south pole area.

“Whereas the probe’s touchdown web site is continuously known as the ‘polar area’ in information media and different publications, the placement of Chandrayaan-3 shouldn’t be inside the lunar Antarctic Circle, outlined because the lunar geographic area additional south than 80 levels south,” he mentioned.

De Grijs pointed to a paper by scientists from the Bodily Analysis Laboratory, a unit of the Indian authorities house division, revealed within the peer-reviewed journal Month-to-month Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society in early August.

Within the paper, the group detailed their preparation work to find out a touchdown web site, which they described as “a high-latitude location on the moon”.

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In one other research by researchers from the identical unit, revealed on September 15 in photo voltaic system journal Icarus, they mentioned the touchdown web site was positioned in “the southern high-latitude area”.

“Many media could have jumped on the bandwagon by describing the touchdown web site as a location close to the lunar south pole,” de Grijs mentioned, noting that “just a few years in the past some tentative proof of the presence of water ice in frozen kind was discovered close to the moon’s south pole – a lot nearer to the south pole than the placement of Chandrayaan-3”.

He added that extra research had been wanted to find out if it was possible to make use of the water ice for a potential future lunar base.

Planetary dynamicist Lee Man-hoi, from the College of Hong Kong, mentioned the Chandrayaan-3 had reached the southernmost latitude of any lander on the moon. He additionally referred to the Indian group’s description of the location as a “high-latitude location”.

“As compared, China’s Chang’e 4 landed on the far facet of the moon in a area known as the South Pole-Aitken Basin,” Lee mentioned of the touchdown in 2019.

“You would possibly assume from the title that Chang’e 4 landed nearer to the south pole, however that’s not the case,” he mentioned, including that it had landed at a latitude of 45.44 levels south.

Astrophysicist Quentin Parker, director of HKU’s Laboratory for House Analysis, mentioned the argument was moving into semantics, although the spacecraft had not strictly landed on the moon’s south pole.

“The second you land a rover near the south pole and definitely inside what’s outlined because the south pole area is already a serious achievement,” he mentioned. “I feel that nothing needs to be taken away from India due to that.”

He mentioned it was a possibility to “have fun the science and the achievements of humanity”.

“Anyone can go nearer if they’ve the technical capability to take action. India has gone nearer than anybody else to this point, however China can go nearer subsequent time and [it would be] nice, improbable in the event that they do.”

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China is gearing as much as launch its personal mission to the lunar south pole in 2026, aiming to land the Chang’e 7 rover close to the Shackleton crater.

Pictures from a presentation in April by China’s Deep House Exploration Laboratory present a focused touchdown web site at 88.8 levels south – inside the boundaries of the polar area outlined by Ouyang.

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